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Chronicon Gothanum
The ''Chronicon Gothanum'' or ''Historia langobardorum codicis gothani'' (''HLCGoth.'') is a history of the Lombard people written at and for the court of King Pippin of Italy between the years 806 and 810. It is preserved in one twelfth-century codex, Forschungsbibliothek 84 at Gotha, from which it gets its Latin names.〔''Chronicon Gothanum'' means "chronicle of Gotha", and ''Historia langobardorum codicis gothani'' means "history of the Lombards from the codex of Gotha". The manuscript is sometimes called the ''Codex Gothani''. The chronicle is not titled in the manuscript; it was given a title by its editors.〕 The text is ideologically pro-Carolingian, and among its sources are Isidore of Seville and possibly Jerome.〔Everett (2003), 93–94.〕
==Date, place and author==
The ''Chronicon'' covers the period from the origins of the Lombards to the campaign of Pippin against Islamic Corsica: "Then the island of Corsica, oppressed by the Moors, his army liberated from their rule."〔''Igitur Corsicam insulam a Mauris oppressam suo iussu eiusque exercitus liberavit'', quoted in Berto (2010), 28 n. 30.〕 This campaign is also recorded in the ''Annales regni Francorum'', which place it in the year 806.〔"That same year, against the Moors on the island of Corsica—which they had devastated—Pippin sent a fleet from Italy, the arrival of which the Moors did not expect and retreated" (''Eodem anno in Corsicam insulam contra Mauros, qui eam vastabant, classis de Italia a Pippino missa est, cuius adventum Mauri non espectantes abscesserunt''), quoted in Berto (2010), 28 n. 30.〕 Since the ''Chronicon'' also praises Pippin as if he is still living,〔"This present day by his () help Italy shines, as in ancient days. Law, harvests, peace and quiet she has. . ." (''Praesentem diem per eius adiutorium splenduit Italia, sicut fecit antiquissimis diebus. Leges et ubertates et quietudinem habuit. . .''), quoted in Berto (2010), 28 n. 31.〕 it must have been written between the last event it records (806) and his death in 810.〔Berto (2010), 28.〕
Nothing about the author of the ''Chronicon Gothanum'' is known for certain. His pro-Carolingian stance has led some historians, such as Claudio Azzara and Stefano Gasparri, to believe that he was a Frank. Others, such as Stefano Cingolani, Bruno Luiselli and Magali Coumert, believe he was a Lombard, since in one passage he seems to identify with them when he refers to the Lombards during their time in Saxony as "our ancient forefathers".〔"So after struggling they arrived in the Saxon country, at the place called Patespruna (Paderborn); where our ancient fathers assert they lived a long time" (''sic deinde certantes Saxoni patria attigerunt, locus ubi Patespruna cognominantur; ubi sicut nostri antiqui patres longo tempore asserunt habitasse''), quoted in Berto (2010), 29 n. 33.〕 Another autobiographical detail is sometimes coaxed from the text when the author says that the remains of the residence of king Wacho were still visible in his day.〔"Thus, even to this present day the remains of King Wacho's palace and residence are visible" (''Unde usque hodie presentem diem Wachoni regi eorum domus et habitatio apparet signa''), quoted in Berto (2010), 29 n. 34.〕 Since Wacho was king during the Lombards' stay in Pannonia, and Pippin fought a war with the Avars in that region, it is possible that the author was with Pippin on the expedition and saw the remains of the house for himself. It is equally possible that he was merely reporting what he had heard.〔Berto (2010), 29 n. 34.〕
The place of writing is also unknown: Coumert believes the author worked in the Abbey of Montecassino, while Walter Pohl hypothesised that it took place in Milan and Luigi Berto agrees that it is probably a north Italian work. Berto also concludes that the author was "probably a member of Pippin's court".〔Berto (2010), 48.〕
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